A polypropylene feeding-bottle sampling protocol with Raman-identified release measurements under a water-based formula-preparation simulation.
Source details
Dunzhu Li, Luming Yang, Rachel Kavanagh, Liwen Xiao, Yunhong Shi, Daniel K. Kehoe, Yurii K. Gun’ko, John J. Boland, Jing Jing Wang. Journal of Visualized Experiments. 2021.
Findings
The representative-results section reports a product-dependent particle concentration range after cleaning, sterilization, and hot-water shaking. Standard-particle recovery was tested. This protocol belongs to the same research program as earlier bottle-release work and is not independent replication of that work.
Scroll horizontally for methods and measurement limits.
| Reported result | Conditions | Size context | Original locator |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1.31-16.20 million particles/L | Cleaned PP feeding bottles sterilized in 95 °C deionized water for 5 min; 180 mL water at 70 °C; shaken 180 rpm for 60 s | Reported classification bins 0.8-5, 5-20, 20-50, 50-100, >100 µm; filter pore 0.8 µm is not an independently validated detection floor | Author manuscript PDF p. 7 lines 291-299; protocol pp. 4-6 |
Methods and scope
Borosilicate glass hardware and deionized water; bottles detergent-cleaned and rinsed; sterilized in hot water; hot water shaken in the bottle. Gold-coated polycarbonate filters collected material. Raman spectra from selected representative filter areas identified PP; image analysis extrapolated concentrations; AFM characterized separate particles. A spiked PS recovery experiment found no PP/PE interference. A numerical routine full-procedure blank distribution is not presented in the inspected manuscript.
What this source can support
Direct bottle-release and protocol evidence, with explicit analytical-area extrapolation and water-simulant scope.
Repository author manuscript, with line-numbered prose and figure legends but no embedded result plots; identity confirmed against DOI/publisher title and publication details. Final publisher author list adds Emmet D. Sheerin, absent from manuscript title page. No milk/formula matrix in the release collection. Filter pore is not a separately validated lower detection limit. No infant clinical endpoint.
Related evidence
Reported values and source locations
| Reported value | Measurement basis | Conditions and size context | Original document location |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1.31-16.20 million particles/L | Range of product release concentrations, not a population interval; SEM described for figure | Cleaned PP feeding bottles sterilized in 95 °C deionized water for 5 min; 180 mL water at 70 °C; shaken 180 rpm for 60 s Reported classification bins 0.8-5, 5-20, 20-50, 50-100, >100 µm; filter pore 0.8 µm is not an independently validated detection floor | Author manuscript PDF p. 7 lines 291-299; protocol pp. 4-6 |
Source provenance
Primary PDF SHA-256: 65f1d8743aefdecd599176eae8b6cec8f704a3d45006adb43893a49e93f4f6e0
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